Which movement contributed to the founding of occupational therapy in the United States?

The Arts and Crafts Movement played a significant role in the founding of occupational therapy in the United States. This movement, which emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasized the importance of craftsmanship, creativity, and the therapeutic benefits of engaging in meaningful work and activities. It advocated for the revival of traditional handicrafts and a return to simple, functional designs in response to the industrialization of society.

Occupational therapy was influenced by the ideas promoted by the Arts and Crafts Movement, particularly the belief that engaging individuals in purposeful activities could have beneficial effects on their mental and physical health. The movement highlighted how creative work could improve well-being, promote recovery, and foster a sense of accomplishment. These principles became core tenets in the development of occupational therapy as a profession, which focuses on helping individuals participate in everyday activities to enhance their quality of life.

In contrast, while other movements like the Rehabilitation Movement also contributed to the development of occupational therapy, they focused more specifically on recovery and rehabilitation from injury or illness rather than the broader therapeutic potential of meaningful engagement and creative expression found in the Arts and Crafts Movement. Thus, this movement's emphasis on creativity and craft as a means of healing solidified its foundational influence on the establishment of occupational therapy